18 July, 2024

How to register intellectual property for content with ChatGPT?

Copyright
8 minutes

Artificial intelligence is increasingly penetrating our lives, and with the development of tools such as ChatGPT and Copyright Ukraine, new questions are arising regarding copyright and intellectual property. More and more content, from texts to music, is being created with the help of artificial intelligence, which is sparking heated discussions in the field of intellectual property for AI content Ukraine. Can a machine be an author? And if so, how to protect the rights to content created with the help of AI?

In this article, we will examine the specifics of copyright registration for content created using ChatGPT in Ukraine, explore legal aspects, and provide practical recommendations.

Section 1: Is it possible to register a copyright for content with ChatGPT?

The advent of ChatGPT has ushered in a new era in content marketing, making it possible to generate texts, articles, and even poetry in seconds. However, this technological revolution raises a number of legal issues, including copyright. Is itpossible to register copyright for the text of ChatGPT in Ukraine? Neither domestic legislation nor international practice provides a clear answer to this question. This section aims to explore the legal nature of content created by artificial intelligence and determine its place in the Ukrainian copyright system.

1.1 Ukrainian copyright law and its application to AI-generated content

The discussion on whether it is possible to register a copyright for ChatGPT content immediately stumbles upon the fundamental principle of copyright – the authorship of an individual. The Law of Ukraine “On Copyright and Related Rights” clearly defines an author as a person who has created a certain product of intellectual activity through his or her creative work. This rule is becoming a major obstacle to the recognition of content generation by AI and copyright.

After all, if we talk about ChatGPT, the text created by it is the result of an algorithm or a program, not the fruitful activity of the human mind.

Let’s take a closer look at why the current Ukrainian legislation is difficult to apply to AI-generated content

  1. Lack of creative input from a person: despite the fact that ChatGPT is able to generate various texts that can be perceived as quite original and even creative, it should be understood that this is not a conscious desire to create, but rather complex data processing. The algorithm does not have its own ideas, emotions, or unique vision of the world that it could reflect in the content it creates.
  2. Lack of originality in its traditional sense: content created by ChatGPT is always the result of analysis and skilful combination of existing text data. Although such text is perceived as unique, it is still based on information obtained from other sources.
  3. Failure to clearly define the subject of copyright: even if we assume that content generated by artificial intelligence can be copyrighted, a logical question arises: who is its author? The developer of the programme? The user who uses it? The current legislation of Ukraine does not provide a clear answer to this question.

Thus, the presence of an exclusively “human factor” in determining authorship is the core of copyright in Ukraine, which makes it problematic to recognise ChatGPT content as an object of intellectual property under the current legislation.

1.2 Legal status of ChatGPT content in Ukraine and the world

The emergence of ChatGPT and its analogues has posed a challenging task for lawyers around the world: how to integrate AI content generation and copyright into the existing legal framework. At the moment, there is no clear answer to the question of the legal status of ChatGPT content.

Ukraine, like most countries in the world, has not yet developed special legislation to regulate artificial intelligence and its creations.

This uncertainty raises many questions, including:

  • Who owns the copyright to the content created by ChatGPT? Can we even talk about authorship in the context of artificial intelligence, or is it still a tool in the hands of humans?
  • How to identify the copyright holder and protect ChatGPT content from illegal use? Are the existing copyright protection mechanisms effective in this case?
  • How to avoid copyright infringement when using content created by artificial intelligence? What should developers, users, and other stakeholders pay attention to?

These and other issues require further study and discussion. And while lawyers, government officials, and representatives of the IT community are working to find optimal solutions, it is important to be cautious when using ChatGPT in your business, keeping in mind the potential legal risks.

It can be assumed that in the near future we will see new legislative initiatives aimed at regulating the field of artificial intelligence, in particular, issues related to intellectual property for the content created by it. However, at this stage, it is important to realise that the issues of authorship and legal protection of content created by artificial intelligence still remain open.

Section 2: Step-by-step guide to registering copyright for ChatGPT content in Ukraine

Given the uncertainty regarding the legal status of ChatGPT-generated content, the process of registering it as a copyrighted work in Ukraine is currently unclear and not clearly regulated.

Nevertheless, in order to protect the content created using ChatGPT, it is recommended to follow the general copyright registration procedure provided for by Ukrainian law.

In the following, we will take a closer look at this process and discuss the nuances and peculiarities that may arise when registering ChatGPT content.

2.1 Necessary documents and steps to register copyright for ChatGPT content

Although the law on copyright for AI content in Ukraine has not yet been fully developed, you can already register copyright for content created with ChatGPT today by following the standard procedure regulated by the Law of Ukraine “On Copyright and Related Rights“.

The authorised body in the field of intellectual property is responsible for copyright registration. You can submit an application either independently or through a representative.

In order to avoid possible difficulties, especially given the novelty of the issue of authorship of ChatGPT-generated content, we strongly recommend that you obtain legal advice on the copyright of content created by artificial intelligence before registering.

If you do decide to go it alone, you need to follow these steps:

  • Gather a package of documents:
    • Application for copyright registration.It must contain:
      • The applicant’s name or title and address;
      • the title of the work as used by you to identify it;
      • the type of work (for example, “literary work”, “computer program”, “work of fine art”, etc;)
      • date of creation of the work;
      • presence/absence of objects of neighbouring rights to the work;
      • a list of documents to be submitted with the application.
    • A copy of the work. It can be provided both in electronic form (on a disc, or flash drive) and in print.
    • A document confirming payment of the state fee. The amount of the fee will vary depending on the type of work, the urgency of registration and the need for an intellectual property examination.
  • Submit the documents to UKRIPO:
    • You can do this inperson or through your representative (subject to a notarised power of attorney) at the following address: 1 Glazunova St., Kyiv, Ukraine. It is also possible to submit documents by post.
  • Wait for your application to be reviewed by the experts of UKRNOVI:
    • If the experts have no comments on the submitted documents, you will be provided with acopyright registration certificate, which will be a confirmation of your copyright to the content created with ChatGPT.

Remember that the legislation governing copyright in Ukraine is constantly evolving. Therefore, always check the current information on copyright registration on the website of the Ukrainian National Intellectual Property Office or directly with lawyers specialising in intellectual property issues.

2.2 Costs and terms of copyright registration

The price of copyright registration in Ukraine is regulated by the relevant legislation and depends on a number of factors, including:

  • Type of work: copyright registration for literary works, computer programs, musical works, etc. will have different costs.
  • Term of registration: UIPI offers the possibility ofurgent copyright registration, which will cost more than the standard procedure.
  • Necessity of examination: if aqualified intellectual property expert is required , this will also affect the total cost of registration.

To find out the exact price of copyright registration for your ChatGPT content in the Ukrainian National Institute of Intellectual Property, we recommend contacting the organisation directly or using the calculator on their website.

The terms of copyright registration may also vary.

The standard registration period usually ranges from 6 months to 1 year.

Please note that a number of factors may affect the length of the application process, including

  • Quality of preparation of documents: Correctly and fully completed documents significantly speed up the registration process and help to avoid unnecessary paperwork.
  • During certain periods, the number of applications for intellectual property registration may increase, which may also affect the processing time.
  • If you need to provide additional materials or clarifications, please contact. If the experts of the Ukrainian Intellectual Property Office request additional information or documents from you, it may slightly delay the registration procedure.

If you need to register copyright for content in Kyiv or another city of Ukraine, please contact our company. We will be happy to advise you on all intellectual property issues and help you register your rights to the content created with ChatGPT quickly and professionally.

Section 3: Why is it important to protect ChatGPT-generated content?

Although, as we have already found out, the issue of authorship ofAI content in Ukraine is still not clearly resolved, it would be short-sighted to ignore its importance. In a world where content is becoming an increasingly valuable asset, protecting the rights to it, even when created with the help of artificial intelligence, is of particular relevance.

In this section, we will consider what risks you can face when using unregistered ChatGPT content, as well as what benefits official copyright registration brings to your business and beyond.

3.1 Legal risks of using unregistered content generated by ChatGPT

The use of unregistered content generated by ChatGPT may entail a number of legal risks that should be considered:

  1. Difficulty in proving authorship and rights: As the legal status of ChatGPT content is not clearly defined, it may be difficult to identify the copyright holder and prove authorship in case of disputes.
  2. Impossibility of bringing violators to justice: Without an officially registered copyright, it will be extremely difficult, if not impossible, to protect your content from illegal use by third parties.
  3. Risk of content being recognised as being in the public domain: If your country’s legislation does not regulate the issue of authorship of AI content, there is a risk that your ChatGPT-generated content may be recognised as being in the public domain and freely used by anyone.
  4. Reputational losses: The use of unregistered content can negatively affect your reputation, especially if someone else claims rights to it or it is recognised as plagiarism.

In order to minimise legal risks and protect yourself from possible problems in the future, it is important to take the issue of copyright for ChatGPT-generated content seriously today.

Contact qualified intellectual property lawyers for legal advice to learn more about your rights and the best ways to protect them.

3.2 Benefits of official copyright registration for ChatGPT content for business

The official copyright registration of content created with ChatGPT is a particularly relevant issue for businesses. After all, this tool is increasingly used to create advertising materials, write articles, posts for social media, and other important content.

Although the legal status of AI content in Ukraine is still under debate, registering copyright for such content today can provide your business with a number of benefits:

  1. Protection of content from unlawful use. Intellectual property protection for AI content will protect you from unfair competitors and plagiarists. After all, a copyright registration certificate will be a powerful argument in case of disputes.
  2. The ability to dispose of content as an object of intellectual property. You will be able to legally sell, transfer under a contract, and even use it as a contribution to your company’s charter capital.
  3. Increase brand reputation and reliability: By demonstrating responsibility in the field of intellectual property, you create a positive image of your company in the eyes of partners and customers.

The use of ChatGPT opens up new prospects for your business. However, it is important to keep in mind thelegal aspects of working with this tool. Timely copyright registration will help you avoid problems and unlock the full potential of ChatGPT for your business development.

Conclusions

The field of artificial intelligence is developing rapidly, offering new tools such as ChatGPT every day. And while legislative norms are trying to catch up with technological progress, the question of the legal status and protection of intellectual property for AI content remains open.

However, today it is important to be cautious and take into account all possible risks and benefits of using content created with the help of ChatGPT.

At Polikarpov Law Firm, we believe that although the procedure for registering copyright in such content still contains certain uncertainties, this does not diminish the importance of protecting your intellectual property rights. Timely contact with qualified lawyers will help you understand all the nuances, ensuring reliable protection and peace of mind in the future.

Remember that knowledge in the field of intellectual property and competent legal support are important components of success in the era of artificial intelligence!

Can the content generated by ChatGPT be recognised as a "work created in collaboration" between the AI developer and the user who set the parameters and edited the text? What are the arguments for and against such a position?

The issue of recognising ChatGPT-generated content as a result of co-authorship between an AI developer and a user is extremely relevant and complex. Neither Ukrainian legislation nor the practice of other countries provides a clear answer. However, let us consider the arguments for and against this position.

Arguments in favour of co-authorship:

  • User input: The user is not a passive observer, but sets the topic, determines the structure, style, keywords, length and other parameters of the text that affect the final result. He can repeatedly edit and modify the text to achieve the desired result.
  • Creative intent: When formulating a request to ChatGPT, a user can put their own creative intent into it, a certain idea that AI helps to implement in text form.
  • Analogy with other industries: In some industries, such as film production, there are already practices of recognising co-authorship, when a work is created collectively, with the distribution of roles and functions.

Arguments against co-authorship:

  • Lack of legal personality in AI: ChatGPT is a program, a tool, not a legal entity that can be held liable and own copyright.
  • Lack of consciousness and originality: An AI algorithm follows predefined rules when compiling data. Its result, although it may seem original, is not the result of conscious creative activity.
  • Unclear roles: It is difficult to draw a clear line and assess the amount of creative input from each party – the AI developer who created the algorithm and the user who set certain parameters.

Conclusion:

So far, there is no clear answer to the question of co-authorship when creating content using ChatGPT. It is likely that new precedents and clarifications will emerge as technology and legislation evolve.

What about the content that ChatGPT generates based on my own texts that I provide it with for analysis? In this case, who owns the rights - me as the author of the original source or the AI developer?

This is an extremely interesting question that touches on the essence of copyright in the age of artificial intelligence. The situation when ChatGPT analyses your copyrighted texts and generates new content based on them is ambiguous from the legal point of view.

Arguments in favour of the original author:

  • Original Creative Contribution: You are the author of the original texts that formed the basis for ChatGPT’s analysis. Your creative idea, style, language – all of this is the source material for the creation of derivative content.
  • Derivative work: The content generated by ChatGPT based on your texts can be considered as a derivative work that is created on the basis of already existing, author’s content.
  • No conscious authorship by AI: ChatGPT has no ideas or intentions of its own. It only processes the information you provide.

However, there are also counterarguments:

  • The uniqueness of the generated content: ChatGPT, analysing your texts, can create new combinations of words, phrases, ideas that may go beyond simply quoting or paraphrasing your original texts.
  • Terms of use of AI: The licence agreement with the ChatGPT developer may contain provisions on the rights to the content created by AI, even on the basis of data provided by the user.

What to do in this situation?

  • Read the ChatGPT terms of use carefully.
  • Contact a lawyer specialising in intellectual property issues for professional advice on your specific situation.
  • Consider entering into an additional agreement with the AI developer if you plan to commercially use the generated content.

Important to remember:
AI and copyright legislation is constantly evolving. Therefore, it is important to be aware of new trends and protect your rights.

Let's imagine that the content created by ChatGPT at my request violates the intellectual property rights of third parties (for example, contains plagiarism). Who is responsible in this case - me, as a ChatGPT user, or the AI developers?

This is an extremely important issue, because the risk of unintentional plagiarism when using ChatGPT does exist. ChatGPT is trained on a huge array of texts and cannot always distinguish between original and copyrighted content.

Liability for copyright infringement is complex and depends on many factors:

Your responsibility as a user:

  • Duty to verify: You are responsible for the content you post or use, even if it is generated by AI. It is important to always check text for plagiarism before using it.
  • Need for editing: If you make minor changes to the text generated by ChatGPT, this does not relieve you of responsibility. It is important to make sure that your contribution is sufficient to be recognised as new authorship.
  • Commercial use: If you use copyrighted content for profit, you may be subject to more serious liability.

Responsibility of ChatGPT developers:

  • Algorithm quality: AI developers bear some responsibility for the quality of their algorithms and their ability to avoid plagiarism.
  • Terms of use: ChatGPT’s terms of use may contain clauses limiting the developers’ liability for copyright infringement when using their product.

What should I do if I find a violation?

  • Remove the infringing content.
  • Consult a lawyer to assess the risks and possible consequences.
  • Be prepared for a dialogue with the copyright holder to resolve the dispute.

Remember: When using ChatGPT or other AI tools, it is important to be a conscious user and comply with copyright laws.

Are there any examples of successful copyright registration for AI-generated content in other countries? What lessons can Ukraine take from this experience to develop its own legislative framework?

Although the issue of AI authorship is still a matter of much debate, some countries already have precedents for successful copyright registration of content created by artificial intelligence.

Here are some examples:

  • UK: In 2020, the UK Intellectual Property Office granted a copyright for a work of fine art created by artificial intelligence called “DABUS”.
  • Australia: In 2021, the Federal Court of Australia recognised that AI can be listed as an inventor in a patent application.
  • South Africa: In 2021, the world’s first patent officially recognising artificial intelligence as an inventor was registered.

Lessons for Ukraine:

The experience of other countries shows that the issue of AI authorship recognition requires new legal regulation. Ukraine could use this experience and consider doing so:

  1. Amendments to legislation that would clearly define the conditions under which AI can be recognised as an author or co-author, as well as regulate liability for copyright infringement when using AI.
  2. Create aspecial category of intellectual property for works created with the help of AI, taking into account the specifics of their creation and use.
  3. Developing acopyright registration system that takes into account the possibility of co-authorship between humans and AI.

Important:

It is important for Ukraine to find a balance between stimulating the development of AI technologies and protecting the rights of authors. Flexible legislation in this area will help Ukraine become an attractive jurisdiction for the development and implementation of AI while ensuring respect for intellectual property rights.

Apart from copyright registration, what other mechanisms exist to protect content created with ChatGPT, such as the use of Creative Commons licences?

Thus, in addition to copyright registration, there are other effective methods of protecting content created with ChatGPT that allow you to control its use and distribution.

Here are some of them:

  1. Creative Commons (CC) licences:

oThis is aflexible tool that allows authors to grant others certain rights to use their work while retaining their copyright.

oYou can choose the type of CC licence that best suits your needs, for example: allow free use with attribution (CC BY), prohibit commercial use (CC NC), allow derivative works only under the same terms (CC SA), etc.

  1. Terms of use on the website:

oIf you publish content on your website, you can set out the terms of use in a special section called “Terms of Use” or “Copyright”.

oThis will give users a clear understanding of how they can use your content and help you protect your rights in the event of a dispute.

  1. Technological protection measures:

oWatermarks: You can add watermarks to images or videos created by ChatGPT with information about your authorship.

oMetadata: Documents and files may contain metadata that indicates your authorship, date of creation, terms of use, etc.

  1. Non-disclosure agreements (NDAs):

oIf you are providing access to ChatGPT-generated content to others, such as contractors or partners, consider entering into a non-disclosure agreement (NDA).

oThis willhelp ensure the confidentiality of your content and prevent unauthorised disclosure or use.

Conclusion:

Protecting ChatGPT-generated content requires a comprehensive approach and a combination of different methods. The best option depends on the type of content, the purpose of its creation and your personal preferences.

Resources
  1. The Law of Ukraine “On Copyright and Related Rights”. Reference.
  2. Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works. References.
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